The Basics Of Opnet It

The Basics Of Opnet It In this lab we have followed the instructions that were given in the tutorial from the help menu. We built two networks as the first network that which is having 30 nodes and an internet server those are connected with Optical Fibre cables, and the second network that is having 15 nodes and it was connected to the first network with Optical fibre as well. And we will observe the results like LOAD and DELAY for the first network and We will repeat the same after connecting the second network to the same router. And we can observe in the graphs. Comparisons and review of the networks: All the circuit is been built by placing two networks one in first floor and second in the other floor. And we can observe it in the graph clearly. Figure 1 Both the networks in both first and second floors By the below figure we can notice the delay and Load on the server. When it was not connected to the second network the DELAY and LOAD are as shown in the figure Figure 2 Ethernet Delay (in sec) and Ethernet load (bits/sec) on the server node When the delay is observed in the server there is considerable delay , because server can receive all these nodes at the same time but the nodes are above the limit then there is a chance of delay in the server. Figure 3 This is the compared result of delay between First floor and expansion When the delay is observed in the server there is LOAD, According to this analysis we can say that the distance increased in the network can increase the load . As well as the more number of nodes also increases the load on server. Figure 5 this is the load (bit/sec) for First floor and expansion Conclusion: After this lab we can learn the basics of the OPNET IT GURU .I faced some problems with the terminology and with registration of the softwares whiles installing .This lab helped me in designing the small networks and linking them and comparing the results especially the load and delay Lab 5_ATM ASYNCHRONOUS TANSFER MODE A Connection-Oriented, Cell-Switching Technology Introduction: The goal of this lab is to analyse and examine the effect of Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM adaptation layers and service classes on the performance of the network. There are different layers such as AAL that will discuss in this lab and will provide five service classes that can give a lot of useful information. Objective: To examine the effect of Asynchronous Transfer Mode ATM. And provide QoS capabilities through its five service classes: CBR, VBR-rt, VBRnrt, ABR, and UBR. With CBR (constant bit rate). And support all sorts of services, including voice, video, and data by using ATM. To study how the choice of the adaptation layer as well as the service classes can affect the performance of the applications. Procedure: As given in the manual create a new project after completing configured the network; initialized the network, configured the applications, followed by profiles were done. While in the subnets part first configure northeast subnet was completed and add remaining subnets was added. After that choose the statistics was tested and configure the simulation was fixed. Next duplicate the new scenario was duplicated and name it UBR_UBR. Finally run the simulation was run and the view results and analyse. Figure 1 this the CBR_UBR scenario Figure 2 this the design of north east subnet Figure 3 4 indicate the run simulation. Figure 3 Figure 4 View the Results Figure 5 this is the voice diagram that indicate the different delay between the CBR and UBR Questions and Answers 1) Analyse the result we obtained regarding the voice Packet Delay Variation time. Obtain the graphs that compare the Voice packet end-to-end delay, the Email download response time, and the FTP download response time for both scenarios. Comment on the results. Sol When we observe the voice packet delay variation in the above shown figure 5, it indicates the UBR makes delay for voice because of the service class as UBR is using for all applications for ATM Adaption layer AAL5 . While CBR is using AAL2 and we can observe a very smooth service. So we can say that CBR service class is good for Voice applications and UBR service class is good for EMAIL and FTP applications. Figures 6, 7 8 show the graph which compares the Voice packet end-to-end delay ,the Email download response time, and the FTP download response time for both scenarios. Figure 6 in Voice Packer End_ to End Delay (sec) Figure 7 Email Download Response Time (sec) Figure 8 the FTP Download Response Time (sec) By the voice packet end to end indicates that the CBR service is having higher quality when compared to UBR service. By Email download response time when compared responses from both the scenarios. From FTP responses when observed UBR_UBR the responses are beter when compared to CBR_UBR scenario. So as stated before from his graphs UBR is good for Email and FTP but not good for Voice, CBR service is good for Voice. 2) Create another scenario as a duplicate of the CBR_UBR scenario. Name the new scenario Q2_CBR_ABR. In the new scenario you should use the ABR class of service for data, i.e., the FTP and Email applications in the data stations. Compare the performance of the CBR_ABR scenario with that of the CBR_UBR scenario. Hints: To set ABR class of service to a node, assign ABR Only to its ATM Application Parameters attribute and ABR only (Per VC Queue) to its Queue Configuration (one of the ATM Parameters). For all switches in the network (total of 6 switches), configure the Max_Avail_BW of the ABR queue to be 100% and the Min_Guaran_BW to be 20%. Sol Figure 9, the delay variation for both CBR_UBR and Q2_CBR_ABR is similar that means ABR and CBR services are good quality service that uses for voice. Figure 9 this diagram of voice that indicates the delay variation Figure 10, the down load for CBR service is more than ABR service. Figure 10 this is time average for email Figure 11, CBR and ABR services are having same FTP download response time. Figure 11 FTP 3) Edit the FTP application defined in the Applications node so that its File Size is twice the current size (i.e., make it 100000 bytes instead of 50000 bytes). Edit the EMAIL application defined in the Applications node so that its File Size is five times the current size (i.e., make it 10000 bytes instead of 2000 bytes). Study how this affects the voice application performance in both the CBR_UBR and UBR_UBR scenarios. (Hint: to answer this question, you might need to create duplicates of the CBR_UBR and UBR_UBR scenarios. Name the new scenarios Q3_CBR_UBR and Q3_UBR_UBR respectively.) Sol: When we decrease the size of the file the QoS will improve, as the traffic congestion will decrese as in fig.13 and 14, the delay of voice time variation is same and the time average voice packet end to end is also same. And we can say as the decreasing of packet size can decrease traffic congestion. Figure 12 Figure 13 Figure 14 Concolusion: After this lab analysing the of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM), and ATM adaption layers and service classes and their effect on the performance of the network. And it taught me how to deal with different layers like ATM adaption layers(AAL). Laboratory_6 (RIP) RIP: Routing Information Protocol Objective: In this lab we can analyze and configure the Routing Information protocol. R.I.P Overview: Router has to check the packets destination address and determine which output ports is the best choice to the address. By seeing the forwarding table router do the decision. And these algorithms are needed to build routing tables and the forwarding tables. Basic problem of the routing to find the lowest-cost path between two nodes, Where the cost of a path equals to the sum of costs of all edges that make the path. In this laboratory, we will build a network that utilizes RIP as its routing protocol. We will examine the routing tables generated in the routers, and also check that how RIPS is affected by link failures. Procedure: At the first the scenario named as NO_Failure was created. Network was build by using ethernet4_ slip8_gtwy and 100BaseT_LAN objects along with bidirectional 100BaseT_LAN links. After completion router configuration, remaining LANs were added. Then the statistics were chosen to realize the performance of the RIP protocol. Then simulation process was performed. The designed figure is given below : Figure-1 RIP Network (No_Failure) And we have to design a Failure scenario for that duplicate the of scenario 1, with inclusion of link node failure simulations as shown in figure-2. Figure-2 Rip Network (Failure) And after editing the attributes , which develop a link failure between Router 1 and Router 2. Then simulation process was performed. Figure-3 Comparison of number of updates in failure and No_Failure scenario. The above figures shows the number updates those are sent by the router to its routing table and when there is a failure to any other node connected to it as compared to the situation when there is no failure in any of the link. From the obtained graphs we can observe that for NO_Failure the number of updates decrease from 13 to 4 with time by approximately , because the routing table has already gathered information about neighboring nodes and after that only the information is updated that means updates being sent are less. The scenario is similar for failure in starting, but with time when the router senses link failure it again starts updating information in its routing table, the intensity of which is a little bit less then the time when it sensed the failure. RIP Trafic in No_Failure and Failure scenarios Figure-4 Comparison of RIP traffic sent in Failure and NO_Failure. Figure-5 Comparison for RIP sent traffic in failure and No Failure Scenarios. The above two graphs shows the comparison of RIP sent traffic in Failure and No_failure scenario. The above graphs the first represents overlaid comparison and second one is stacked comparison. The failure introduced into the RIP system changes the traffic sent signals and also the traffic received signals. Conclusion: By observing the results we can say that both No_failure and Failure scenarios are having different results and as the time taken for updating the Routing Information protocol is more for Failure scenario compared to NO_Failure scenario .Because the system require acknowledgement and discard the packet and resend it that takes lots of time to updating LAB 7_OSPF: Open Shortest Path First A Routing Protocol Based on the Link-State Algorithm Introduction: This lab lets us to know the working method of OSPF(Open Shortest Path First Protocol). By some analysis and steps in order to know more about this. Aim: To introduce the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. And analyse the performance of the Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) routing protocol. Then set up a network that utilizes OSPF as its routing protocol. Analyse the routing tables generated in the routers. And observe how the resulting routes are affected by assigning areas and enabling load balancing. Procedure: By following the steps in the maual we can create the new project is done as we can see in the figure 1 Figure 1 create a new scinario After Creating, Configure the Network, Initialize the Network, Configure the Link Costs, Traffic Demands and figure the Routing Protocol and Addresses were completed. After that Configure the Simulation was the obtained results of the run was put it in the figure 2 3. Figure 2 run three simulation Figure 3 the result of simulation After getting the simulation result duplicate the present scenarios (Areas and Balanced Scenarios) and observe the results as shown in the figures 4,56 Results Figure 4 No_Areas Scenario paths from router A to router C Figure 5 No_Areas Scenario paths from router B to router H Figure 6 Area scenario Figure 7 the Balanced Scenario Answer the Question 1) Explain why the Areas and Balanced scenarios result in different routes than those observed in the No_Areas scenario, for the same pair of routers. Sol As the A and C router link is created as a traffic congestion in No_Areas, the packets go to other shortest path A,D,E and C are smaller as compared to A and C. And the cost is also more for A and C when compared to A,D,E and C , those are like 15 for A,D,E and C and A and C is 20.By OSPF protocol the shortest path is chosen. As the loop back interface allows a server and client to communicate on same host by using TCp/Ip the traffic packets between router A and C in the Areas scenario are expanded ,the packet will pass through link router A and C.And as per the load building option the Path cost for A,C,E,G and H and path cost for B,A,D,F and H are equal, So the packet may choose any one. 2) Using the simulation log, examine the generated routing table in Router A for each of the three scenarios. Explain the values assigned to the Metric column of each route. Hints: Refer to the View Results section in Lab 6 for information about examining the routing tables. You will need to set the global attribute IP Interface Addressing Mode to the value Auto Addressed/Export and rerun the simulation. To determine the IP address information for all interfaces, you need to open the Generic Data File that contains the IP addresses and associated with the scenarios. sol No_Areas Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA, Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD Campus COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. (Router A) at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 35 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 Areas scenario Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. Router A at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.2 IF2 40 OSPF 36.496 192.0.3.2 IF1 40 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.2 IF2 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 39.238 Balanced scenario Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,163.64,0,RouterA > RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC RouterB,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG RouterE,Campus Network.RouterG,Campus Network.RouterH RouterG Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterH,168.59,1,RouterB > RouterH,Campus Network.RouterB,Campus Network.RouterA RouterB,Campus Network.RouterA,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterD RouterF,Campus Network.RouterF,Campus Network.RouterF RouterH Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterA,169.09,2,RouterC > RouterA,Campus Network.RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE RouterC,Campus Network.RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD RouterE,Campus Network.RouterD,Campus Network.RouterA RouterD COMMON ROUTE TABLE snapshot for: Router name: Campus Network. Router A at time: 600.00 seconds ROUTE TABLE contents: Dest. Address Subnet Mask Next Hop Interface Name Metric Protocol Insertion Time 192.0.1.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.1 IF0 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.3.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.1 IF1 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.4.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.4.1 IF2 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.12.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.12.1 Loopback 0 Direct 0.000 192.0.13.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.3.2 IF1 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.11.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 35 OSPF 36.496 192.0.14.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.17.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.6.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.7.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.15.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 20 OSPF 36.496 192.0.8.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 25 OSPF 36.496 192.0.19.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.9.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 15 OSPF 36.496 192.0.16.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 5 OSPF 36.496 192.0.5.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 192.0.18.0 255.255.255.0 192.0.1.2 IF0 10 OSPF 36.496 When we observe the tables both No_Area and Balanced are having same tables but they are different in Area scenario. And this occurs by some reasons like no traffic in between A and C and the area identifier ,the path will pass as per the identifier and table will be different . 3) OPNET allows you to examine the link-state database that is used by each router to build the directed graph of the network. Examine this database for Router A in the No_ Areas scenario. Show how Router A utilizes this database to create a map for the topology of the network and draw this map. (This is the map that will be used later by the router to create its routing table.) Hints: To export the link-state database of a router, Edit the attributes of the router and set the Link State Database Export parameter (one of the OSPF Parameters, under Processes) to Once at End of Simulation. You will need to set the global attribute IP Interface Addressing Mode to the value Auto Addressed/Export. This will allow you to check the automatically assigned IP addresses to the interfaces of the network. (Refer to the notes of question 2 above.) After rerunning the simulation, you can check the link-state database by opening the simulation log (from the Results menu). The link-state database is available in Classes _ OSPF _ LSDB_Export. Sol No_Areas Link State Database snapshot for: Router Name: Router A at time: 600.00 [Router Links Advertisements for Area 0.0.0.0] Link state advertisement list size: 8 - LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.12.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.12.1 Sequence Number: 47, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 22.687 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 192.0.1.1, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.1.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 192.0.3.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.3.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 192.0.4.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.4.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.13.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.13.1 Sequence Number: 49, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 24.149 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 192.0.3.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.3.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 192.0.11.1, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.11.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.14.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.14.1 Sequence Number: 50, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 24.149 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.14.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.12.1, Link Data: 192.0.4.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.4.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.18.1, Link Data: 192.0.10.1, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.10.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.13.1, Link Data: 192.0.11.2, Link Cost: 20, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.11.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 20, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.17.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.17.1 Sequence Number: 52, LSA Age: 4 LSA Timestamp: 24.239 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 192.0.2.2, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.2.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 192.0.6.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.6.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 192.0.7.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.7.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.15.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.15.1 Sequence Number: 51, LSA Age: 5 LSA Timestamp: 24.239 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 192.0.7.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.7.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 192.0.8.1, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.8.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.19.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.19.1 Sequence Number: 129, LSA Age: 5 LSA Timestamp: 27.687 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.19.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.17.1, Link Data: 192.0.6.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.6.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.15.1, Link Data: 192.0.8.2, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.8.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 10, Link Type: Point-To-Point, Link ID: 192.0.18.1, Link Data: 192.0.9.2, Link Cost: 5, Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.9.0, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 5, LSA Type: Router Links, Link State ID: 192.0.16.1, Adv Router ID: 192.0.16.1 Sequence Number: 130, LSA Age: 3 LSA Timestamp: 27.688 Link Type: Stub Network, Link ID: 192.0.16.1, Link Data: 255.255.255.0, Link Cost: 0, Link Type: Point-To-Po

Bonnie & Clyde Film Analysis

The 1967 film Bonnie and Clyde took many liberties with the infamous couple's true story. It is to be expected coming from Hollywood but is nevertheless disappointing if you're looking for accuracy and fact. From their meeting all the way to their death scene the film is riddled with inaccuracies and half-truths. In the life accounts of Bonnie and Clyde, the couple met at a friends house, becoming inseparable. In the film, a cocky and arrogant Clyde is creeping around outside of Bonnie's house, casing out her mothers car to steal.Bonnie catches him and goes with him to town and watches him rob a grocery store before jumping into the car to escape and molesting him as they speed away. After watching the documentary, the first few scenes in the film seem overly forced and unbelievable. I'm sure that was all added for dramatic effect and to garner interest in their story, however it seems to me that instead of stealing out of necessity and frustration as Clyde had started out, the film seems to show him acting out of pleasure.The film skips completely around Clydes Back story and the reasons why he is robbing in the first place. They don't seem to take much account of his criminal past and prison time except to mention him cutting off his toes twice. The film also would lead you to believe that Bonnie is slutty and wild in nature, someone who is always craving more out of life and can only find it by running around with Clyde shooting people. I think in the effort to make this film seem exciting and grand the producers left out the important information about how Bonnie and Clydes relationship really grew.They left out the mention of all of the love letters the couple exchanged that undoubtedly deepened and pushed their love for each other along in life. As a matter of fact they didn't show or allude to any separation of the couple at all in the film. While the film did stray and change their story, they did ad some interesting imagery leading up to and during the death scene. In Bonnie's poem about her and Clyde she uses the line â€Å"If they try to act like citizens and rent them a nice little flat, about the third night they‘re invited to fight by a sub-guns rat-tat-tat†.In an ironic twist the producers end the movie with the couple being killed while trying to do a normal good citizen type deed. It is after Clyde stops to help W. D’s father with his tire that the couple is killed in a hail of gunfire. The editing in the death scene also shows a flock of birds being startled from the tree row right before the gunfire starts. You see the birds take off and watch as Bonnie looks to the birds and trees, and can see the recognition on her face that something is very wrong.In her poem Bonnie also mentions pigeons along with spotters and rats, in reference to police or â€Å"the law†. Fitting then that the pigeons take off from the trees that the cops themselves are hiding in, making Bonnie and Clyde aware that somet hing is about to happen. One of the central themes that you can follow in the film and in Bonnie and Clyde's real lives is the idea of family. You can see that Bonnie and Clyde kept a tight knit group in the film and in life. Clyde taking on a father figure to Bonnie as well as a lover of sorts.Clyde's brother Buck was his literal brother and also seemed to act brotherly toward the group as a whole, He helped them along and offered encouragement. His wife Blanche was the motherly conscious of the group, trying to get them to stop and act right. W. D. In the film was a composite of several characters, acting as kind of a slow little brother at times and also filling the role of some of Clyde's prison buddies. The film portrayed W. D. As someone who blindly followed Bonnie and Clyde, admiring and emulating them in an effort to impress them and make himself a needed member of the group.Bonnie and Blanche did not get along, but Bonnie went so far as to take on a motherly role to Blanche as well in the film, comforting her and in one scene, caring for the wounds to Blanches eyes, It is also hinted at in the film that W. D. Had a crush on Bonnie or thought to impress her in some way. Also noticeable is how the group really does need each other, They each fill a familial role and are always looking out for each other during their gun battles with the police. It is seen many times in the fact that they are constantly slowing down the car to let one of the group jump in as they escape.In many of the car scenes you can see them holding onto each other, tending to their various wounds. In one scene in particular you can witness the love that both W. D. And Clyde both share for Bonnie as she is hit by gunfire and laying out in a field. W. D. And Clyde both appear distraught and steal a car before carefully picking Bonnie up and taking her away. This leads to W. D. Taking the couple to his fathers home and insisting on their care, When his father insults the pair in conver sation with W. D.And criticizes his son for a large chest tattoo he has gotten, the producers make a big deal to show how indignant W. D. Gets about it, stating that Bonnie thinks the tattoo is great and then defends his friends to his father. The last bit of difference between real and film that didn't go over well with me was how the film depicted the death scene. It is made very apparent in life and in the film that Bonnie and Clyde desperately needed each other emotionally in a very real way. Throughout their time together from words and actions it is made plain that they love each other very deeply.It is also simple fact that they did indeed die together side by side in the car. In the real photos you can see Clyde in the drivers seat slumped over and riddled with bullets. Bonnie physically rests against him on his right shoulder in death, the two are physically touching in their final moments. The film took that away from them, depicting Bonnie as dangling upside down out of t he car while her lover is outside of the car laying face down in the dirt. Overall, I think this was one of the biggest differences between the film and life that should not have been altered.

“Outsiders”: Compare Contrast Movie to Book Essay

My view on things has changed a lot since I read this book. A movie, a death, a church and friendship, â€Å"The Outsiders† has it all. A story of brotherhood, friendship, and of a murder, a boy and his friend are caught in a murder, they have to escape form getting caught by the police, and so they run away, starting their journey of friendship and hardships. After reading the novel and watching the movie I noticed some differences, I’ll start with Ponyboy, in the novel pony boy is slapped by his brother, but in the movie, he is pushed, I think the actors couldn’t fake the slap or wanted to harm the actors, this difference wasn’t very good it took away some of the drama. Another difference is that in the movie it ends shortly after Dally’s death and in the novel a lot happens after that; this was a very bad change to the film, like pony boy breaking the glass was definitely a point that made the novel more enjoyable. One similarity in the book and novel is that in both he cuts his hair and dyes it blonde. Johnny also had some differences in the novel and in the film in the novel Johnny is jumped and has a large scar across his cheek; in the movie it isn’t very noticeable. This difference is good because it would attract a lot of attention instead of the viewer focusing on other things. In the movie and novel he has his jean jacket that he wears throughout much of the movie. There is also Dally still has his outlaw look of his troublemaker self, this was very important the book and movie. Also in the book he robs a drugstore, but in the movie he takes a book and rips it up then scares the cashier then runs away, this was an okay change, it did not make a lot of difference, maybe the director thought it would stir up some more action. Some events also had their differences, in one of the church scenes; Ponyboy and Johnny try to catch a rabbit in the film version, in the novel version there was no bunny catching. The movie might have needed something more, besides the boring ordinary church scenes. This change was good because it added some humor. During the rumble scene in the novel, they use weapons in the fight, but in the movie, it showed no one using a weapon, perhaps the director wanted to depict it as a more of a fair fight, to make the victorious win more enjoyable without the cheating. This change was difficult to decide whether it was good or bad it was a neutral change for me. During the hospital scene where Ponyboy meets with Darry and Sodapop, in the novel it was a very emotional moment, complete with tears, but in the movie, it was just a very brotherly hug it took away the emotion, perhaps the actors could not cry on command. The Outsiders was a book about three brothers fighting to stay together as a family and not go into orphanage. A Story of Brotherhood, about sticking together through good and bad, Ponyboy Curtis and Johnny Cade, two friends that made it through. After reading the book and the movie, this has been a very exiting adventure for me and for many others. Remember to Stay Gold!

Biography of Georges Seurat, Father of Pointillism

Georges Seurat (December 2, 1859 – March 29, 1891) was a French painter of the post-impressionist era. He’s best known for developing the techniques of pointillism and chromoluminarism, and one of his iconic paintings was instrumental in ushering in the era of Neo-Impressionism. Fast Facts: Georges Seurat Full Name:  Georges-Pierre SeuratOccupation: ArtistKnown For: Creating the techniques of pointillism and chromoluminarism, with scenes emphasizing smooth lines and colors blended by visual observation, not mixed pigmentsBorn: December 2, 1859 in Paris, FranceDied: March 29, 1891 in Paris, FrancePartner: Madeleine Knobloch (1868-1903)Children: Pierre-Georges (1890-1891), unnamed child (died at birth, 1891)Notable Works:  Bathers at Asnià ¨res, A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, The Channel of Gravelines, Petit Fort Philippe Early Life Georges Seurat was the third and youngest child of Antoine Chrysostome Seurat and Ernestine Seurat (nà ©e Faivre). The couple already had a son, Émile Augustin, and a daughter, Marie-Berthe. Thanks to Antoine’s success in property speculation, the family enjoyed considerable wealth. Antoine lived separately from his family, visiting them weekly rather than living under the same roof. Georges Seurat began studying art early; his first studies occurred at the École Municipale de Sculpture et Dessin, an art academy run by the sculptor Justin Lequien near the Seurat family’s home in Paris. In 1878, he moved to the École des Beaux-Arts, where his studies followed the typical courses of the time, focusing on copying and drawing from existing works. He finished his artistic training in 1879 and left for a year of military service. Early Career and Innovation When he returned from his military service, Seurat shared a studio with his friend and fellow artist Edmond Aman-Jean, where he worked to master the art of monochrome drawing. In 1883, he had his first work exhibited: a crayon drawing of Aman-Jean. The same year, he spent most of his time working on his first major painting, Bathers at Asnià ¨res. Final Study for Bathers at Asnieres by Georges Seurat. Francis G. Mayer / Getty Images Although Bathers at Asnià ¨res had some impressionistic influences, specifically in its use of light and color, it broke from that tradition with its textures and outlined figures. His process also departed from impressionism, as he sketched out several drafts of the piece before actually starting to work on the final canvas itself. The painting was rejected by the Paris Salon; instead, Seurat showed it in May 1884 at the Groupe des Artistes Indà ©pendants. Among that society, he met and befriended several other artists. However, the society’s disorganization soon frustrated Seurat and some of his friends, and together, they split from the Indà ©pendants to create a new artists’ society of their own, called the Socià ©tà © des Artistes Indà ©pendants. Georges Seurat was heavily influenced by contemporary ideas about color theory, which he tried to apply to his own works. He subscribed to the idea of a scientific approach to painting with color: that there was a natural law to the way colors worked together to evoke emotion in art, similar to how musical tones worked together in harmony or dissonance. Seurat believed that he could create a new artistic â€Å"language† using perception, color, and lines. He called this theoretical visual language â€Å"chromoluminarism;† today, it’s included under the term divisionism, referring to how the technique requires the eye to combine adjacent colors, rather than the artist mixing pigments before painting. Family Life and Famous Work Right on the heels of the debut of Bathers at Asnià ¨res, Seurat began work on his next piece, which would come to be his most famous and enduring legacy. A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte depicts members of different social classes all spending a leisure afternoon at a park on the waterfront of the Seine in Paris. Sunday on the Island of la Grande Jatte by Georges Seurat. To create the painting, Seurat used his color and pointillism techniques, using tiny dots of individual colors overlapping and adjacent to each other so that they would be â€Å"blended† by viewers’ eyes, rather than mixing the paints themselves. He also prepared for the painting by spending significant time at the park he depicted, sketching his surroundings. The resulting painting measures 10 feet wide and currently is displayed at the Art Institute of Chicago. A smaller, related study, Study for A Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte, resides in New York City in the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Although Seurat never married, he had a significant romantic relationship with Madeleine Knobloch, an artist’s model. She was the model for his 1889/1890 painting Jeune femme se poudrant, but they took pains to conceal their relationship for some time. In 1889, she moved into Seurats apartment, and she became pregnant sometime in 1889. The couple moved to a new apartment to accommodate their family, and Knobloch gave birth to their son, Pierre-Georges, on February 16, 1890. Final Years and Legacy During the summer of 1890, Seurat spent most of his time at the commune of Graveline, along the coast. He was incredibly prolific that summer, producing four canvas paintings, eight oil panels, and several drawings. Out of his works from that time period, the most notable was his painting The Channel of Gravelines, Petit Fort Philippe. The Channel at Gravelines, in the Direction of the Sea by Georges Seurat. Francis G. Mayer / Getty Images Georges Seurat began working on another painting, The Circus, but he did not live to continue innovating and working. In March 1891 he fell ill, and on March 29, he died at his parents’ home in Paris. The nature of the illness that caused his death is unknown; theories include meningitis, diptheria, and pneumonia. Whatever the illness was, he passed it on to his son Pierre-Georges, who died weeks later. Madeleine Knobloch was pregnant at the time, but their second child did not survive long after birth. Seurat was buried on March 31, 1891 at Cimetià ¨re du Pà ¨re-Lachaise, the largest cemetery in Paris. He left behind a legacy of significant artistic innovation, despite dying at the very young age of 31. Seurat’s use of color and his work with pointillism have been his most enduring artistic legacies. In 1984, nearly a century after his death, Seurat’s most famous painting became the inspiration for a Broadway musical by Stephen Sondheim and James Lapine. Sunday in the Park with George is inspired by the painting, and the first act of the musical depicts Seurat himself in a highly fictionalized way, imagining his creative process. The musical focuses more on his artistic pursuits but also does depict a fictionalized version of his personal life, notably in the character of his mistress â€Å"Dot,† who seems to be an avatar for Madeleine Knobloch. Art students still study Georges Seurat today, and his influence on other artists began not long after his death. The cubist movement looked at his linear structures and form, which then influenced their ongoing artistic developments. And of course, even young children in the modern world learn about pointillism, usually through A Sunday Afternoon. Despite his short life, Georges Seurat established himself as a key and permanent player in the art world. Sources Courthion, Pierre. â€Å"Georges Seurat: French Painter.† Encyclopaedia Britannica, https://www.britannica.com/biography/Georges-Seurat.Georges Seurat, 1859–1891. New York: Metropolitan Museum of Art. 1991Jooren, Marieke; Veldink, Suzanne; Berger, Helewise.  Seurat. Krà ¶ller-Mà ¼ller Museum, 2014.